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How to install linux on a USB stick?

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I want to install Linux Mint on a USB stick. Install, not burn the image.

When writing an iso image, it turns out that the programs installed when booting from a USB flash drive are forgotten on reboot. Any settings, too.

I want to get a full-fledged system, but on a flash drive. How to achieve this?


Answer 1, authority 100%

a complete system

run the installation and select “flash drive” as the target drive.

put the bootloader on it at the appropriate stage of the installation .


Answer 2, authority 20%

The USB Live version of the distribution can also save settings upon completion. So it is not necessary to install. For example, UNetbootin can create an additional partition to preserve when writing a disk image (“Space used to preserve files across reboots “).

If you still want to install, then the actions are no different from installing on a hard disk (i.e., select a device, create a partition, specify the mount points and select a partition to install)


Answer 3, authority 20%

Install usb-creator-kde . Create a bootable USB stick. The result will be a live system with the ability to save settings, install programs, work with data.

 usb-creator-kde

To access the saved data (if you did not boot from a flash drive, but simply plugged it into a working Linux system), you need to mount a file on the flash drive called casper-rw .


!!! This program will not write / install Windows systems !!!


Answer 4, authority 20%

YUMI program (available for Windows and Linux). I downloaded the portable version on Windows YUMI 2.0.4 (here is the official site https: // www. pendrivelinux.com/yumi-multiboot-usb-creator ).
There, in a couple of intuitive clicks, a bootable USB flash drive is created.

 Snapshot of the program window

  1. Insert the USB flash drive, run the program, select it, put a tick in the format in FAT32
  2. Select the OS Linux, which we will upload to the USB flash drive, in order for the program to correctly create the bootloader
  3. Specify the path to the distribution image file
  4. Create a section on the USB flash drive, in which all the changes made will be saved. For example, if I booted from a USB flash drive, I need to customize the interface, install the Russian language into the system (russify), stuff the programs I need there (xNeur – Punto Switcher for Linux, CherryTree), browser add-ons. This section contains all changes and will be stored

The only thing is that the partition is not created quickly, you will have to wait 10-15 minutes on a USB 2.0 flash drive.


Answer 5, authority 10%

The program unetbootin will help you, it exists for any operating system and it is free. It records an installation image of various operating systems. just look for a live version of linux (for example, any desktop ubuntu) and then you can not only install it from a flash drive but also run it.

Well, it would be worth googling and you would find here’s a guide .


Answer 6, authority 10%

Of course, it is harmful to install Linux on a USB flash drive (for the USB flash drive itself, it is harmful :)). But I acted very simply (maybe my way is not ideal, but it works). We put virtualbox 🙂 (run from root, the atoms will not see the flash drive). We connect a virtual cd to virtualbox, connect an image to it. When you turn on the virtual machine, give it the USB flash drive (the USB flash drive from the operating system will disconnect) and you can all put any operating system there (once wrote android, mint, ubuntu whatever, well, except Windows). Next, be sure not to swap !! (this is a flash drive, kill it with your swap in just two months) (transfer tmp to RAM and a couple more daddies and woo).


This time I will not take away this curiosity from you, you create your hardware. (Keep in mind that flash drives have sectors limited to rewrite cycles, the cheaper the flash drive, the less it will live with active recording, one broken flash drive sector is dead.)

We will use Debootstap, with the help of it you can install any distribution kit (in the .deb package zone), at least from scratch. With the help of it I was able to install Debian (working on a flash, although all partitions were transferred to tmpfs), Ubuntu (so test). The difference from the usual installation you get the very minimum, you can choose the architecture (at least arm) to put what you need. True, without installers, everything is manual. The only thing you need is already a working Linux on another computer with access to the network (download the required minimum, continue the installation on the device or on the same computer (if the architecture is the same)).

Long to describe, here’s a link https://wiki.debian.org/en/Debootstrap. Regarding “Don’t install it on a normal Debian system.” Perhaps they meant that important packages like “sensors” (temperature), “cpufreq-utils” (frequency control), “x”, “sddm “or” lightdm “but you can put a shell and it will install the one you need (” sddm “or” lightdm “)


Answer 7

Well, you can write the system already configured for you to a USB flash drive. With all the necessary programs and design – google it.

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